William Faulkners Race Essay - 1358 Words

William Faulkners Race Works Cited Missing William Faulkner, the eldest son to parents Murry and Maud Butler Falkner, was born in New Albany, Mississippi in 1897. Although Faulkner was not a keen student in high school, which eventually lead to his dropping out before graduation, he was very enthusiastic about undirected learning. After years of studying independently, Faulkner allowed a friend of his family, Phil Stone, to assist him with his academic vocation. This relationship inspired Faulkner and after a short period spent with the Royal Air Force in 1918 he decided to go to university where he began writing and publishing poetry. In 1924 Stone’s financial assistance helped Faulkner publish a†¦show more content†¦Oxford provided Faulkner with intimate access to the rich character of the rural south which was conscious of its past and separated from the urban-industrial mainstream that Faulkner found very distracting. He wanted to accurately portray life in the south and he â€Å"could not have done other wise than to include Blacks among the people who inhabit the lands of his novels†(Glissant, pp. 56). Faulkner did not pretend to understand the suffering and complexity of the lives of the black community but, because he grew up witnessing their struggle he was able to represent them in an honest and sometimes brutal fashion. He spent his whole life in the south and, â€Å"Blacks lived there †¦ They were servants in the Falkner family or perhaps workers for the railroad company founded by his great grand-father. They were surely mule drivers or farm laborers †¦Ã¢â‚¬ (Urgo and Abadie, pp. 137). It is difficult to say whether or not Faulkner felt sympathy for these people but it is clear through Faulkner’s writing that he believed their story needed to be told. It is easy to understand why Faulkner included Black characters in his novels, however, the question of how he portrays them still remains. In 1929, inspired by the unavoidable racial intermingling occurring in the south at this time, Faulkner produced one of his greatest works, The Sound and The Fury. In the fourthShow MoreRelatedRace Relations and Environmental Destruction in William Faulkners Go Down, Moses 835 Words   |  3 Pagescontinues with an insatiable hunger to rule over other human beings. William Faulkner, in his novel Go Down, Moses, explores the racial tensions and disastrous environmental results that arose in the South when humankind, believing in this lie, tried to dominate and capitalize off nature and its fellow man. Faulkner attributes the decline of the American South to its economic exploitations and its racial oppression. In â€Å"Touching Race in Go Down, Moses† John T. Matthews argues that these two elementsRead More William Faulkner Essay1215 Words   |  5 Pages William Faulkner nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;William Faulkner is one of Americas most talked about writers and his work should be included in any literary canon for several reasons. After reading a few of his short stories, it becomes clear that Faulkners works have uniqueness to them. One of the qualities that make William Faulkners writings different is his close connection with the South. Gwendolyn Charbnier states, Besides the sociological factors that influence Faulkners work, biographicalRead MoreEssay about William Faulkner1303 Words   |  6 Pages William Faulkner nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Although leading the life of an educated writer William Culbert Faulkner experienced the times of his life as a Hollywood writer. 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However, in this novel, William Faulkner defies the norm by creating friendships between those of opposing races. The friendships between Charles Mallison and Lucas Beauchamp, Miss Eunice Habersham and Molly Beauchamp, and Charles Mallison andRead MoreThe Past Is Not Dead Essay1407 Words   |  6 PagesThe Past is NOT Dead Octavia E. Butler’s Kindred is a novel that perfectly channels the mean of William Faulkner s claim that the past is not dead; it s not even past.† To me this quote basically means that the past cannot become the past because events keep repeating throughout history. This quote is shown to us through Butler drawing upon the history of transatlantic slavery to illustrate certain ideas and behaviors that are seen throughout time. These ideas and behaviors are specifically seenRead More Crossing the Line in Faulkners Barn Burning Essay970 Words   |  4 PagesCrossing the Line in Faulkners Barn Burning   Ã‚  Ã‚   The American author Joyce Carol Oats, in her Master Race, wrote that our enemy is by tradition our savior (Oats 28).   Oats recognized that we often learn more from our enemy than from ourselves.   Whether the enemy is another warring nation, a more prolific writer, or even the person next door, we often can ascertain a tremendous amount of knowledge by studying that opposite party.   In the same way, literature has always striven to provide anRead More The Other Victim in William Faulkner’s Dry September Essay1710 Words   |  7 PagesThe Other Victim in William Faulkner’s Dry September William Faulkner’s short story Dry September deals with a lynching of a black man, Will Mayes, wrongly accused of attacking a white woman, Minnie Cooper. But Mayes is not the only victim in this short story. Minnie Cooper is also a victim in Dry September. Minnie is as much a victim of the social standards and practices of southern society as Willie Mayes is. While Dry September may seem to be just a story about how a black man is wronglyRead MoreUnderstanding Faulkner s Madness By William Faulkner1385 Words   |  6 PagesUnderstanding Faulkner’s Madness William Faulkner s â€Å" A Rose for Emily † illustrates the extremes that someone may be driven to in the face of the â€Å" loveless † life that Miss Emily’s father created for her by driving away all the potential suitors. The major and minor events in the story help develop the plot idea that in the progress from an aristocratic but romanticized past to a more egalitarian present and future. Emily represents the standards and attitudes of the old south, and her inability

Electrical Distribution System

Question: Discuss about the Report for Electrical Distribution System. Answer: 1 Give a critical analysis of why the ships Low Voltage (LV) power electrical distribution system is of the Insulated neutral type The major requirement ashore is the safety for human. The priority onboard is not at all the safety of the machinery, but the priority is to keep the essential machinery in continuous operation. If because of any earth fault, any of the essential components stops working there are a heavy chances of collision, fire or grounding of the ship. Hence, to avoid such instances insulated neutral type system is used. When using earthed distribution system, if earth fault occurs, it may lead to short circuit across the ship and will blow up the fuses. This short circuit takes place because of double break insulation which allows the connection of the conductors. As these conductors are connected, a very high current flows through which by-passes the loads. In earthed distribution system, only one earth fault is enough to create a hazardous situation. Whereas, in Insulated neutral system, if one earth fault occurs, this will not affect the operation of the circuit and the machinery will operate continuously. If second earth fault takes place, then these two cumulative will result in short circuit and then the process will stop. Thus, two earth faults will be required in Insulated neutral type system to create any such destruction which doesnt happen most likely. It can be concluded that Insulated neutral type system is more effective when compared with any other system. This is reason why Insulated neutral type system is preferred over earthed distribution system. 2 evaluate the importance of programmable logic controllers PLCs to the machinery control and monitoring systems on-board modern tonnage. The machinery control and monitoring system which was previously used onboard doesnt possess the extensive I/O arrangements which are the essential requirement of the current days. The current PLC (Programmable logic controller) gives the access to the programmer to develop and make changes according to the situation. The uses of actuators and sensors have evolved in the recent past just because of the use of PLCs. The PLCs operates the magnetic relay/solenoids, hydraulic cylinders and also the electric motors. The previously used machinery and monitoring system uses the form of instruction list programming which was based on the stack-based logic solver in which the difficultly level of tracking circuit problem was immense. However, after the arrival of PLCs this problem have been eradicated completely. The PLCs uses a simple ladder logic which appears as simple electric circuit diagram. Almost all the operations onboard are done using PLCs. These include processing power, storage, data handing, motion control, sequential relay control which are still evolving day by day. The second importance of PLCs are that it can be armored in extreme conditions too; like, cold, heat, dirt and moisture whereas this is not feasible when we talk about machinery control monitoring system. The PLCs used onboard are different when compared to other PLCs which are used for production purposes or light work. Very high precision PLCs are incorporated within the mechanism of the ship so that there are no any chances of any damage. They are highly customized in order to be operated efficiently and accurately. Any error in the PLC will lead to severe destruction to the system as well as the human present within the system. The next is the cost at which it replaces the other mechanism. PLCs are very economical when compared with the machinery and monitoring system. 3 explain how the electrical power is maintained to the vessels essential operating services if the total generating capacity of the power plant is suddenly reduced, for example by the loss of one of the diesel generators. There are various situations in which the supply from the power plant is suddenly reduced; however this doesnt affect the operation of the vessel. Let us consider the situation of loosing of one generator. As we know that generator is considered to be the heart of the electrical design, it is quite evident that loss if single generator should have also affected the operation of the vessels operation. The generators possess the ability to work on its own and can manage the large system loads swings. There should always be special consideration for the additional operations which might occur suddenly. As per the International maritime regulation, at least two of the generators are required for the electrical power system. Out of which one is driven from the propeller shaft and for the other one, it must have its own prime mover. Considering this situation if one is driven from the shaft of the propeller and the other fails, then this will make the ship non-compliant according to the International regulation. Therefore, in almost all ships the owner opts for three generators. Out of which one will be used for the normal sea load and the other two will be kept as reserve and on standby mode for any uneven fluctuation of loads or any specific maintenance work. As the generator fails, it automatically actuates the standby generator and the electricity is supplied. As the frequency and the voltage are settled, the electricity is supplied to the necessary equipment and machinery one after another. Further, if this standby generator fails to start because of any constraint such as not settling the frequency and voltage, the emergency generator starts up and provides the required power to the machineries. 4 0.5 kg of ice at -5 oC is put into a vessel containing 2 kg of water at 15oC and mixed together, the result being a mixture of ice and water at 0oC. Calculate the final masses of ice and water, taking the water equivalent of the vessel as 0.15 kg. The specific heat of ice is 2.04 kJ/kg K and the latent heat of fusion is 335 kJ/kg. m1=2kg the initial mass of water t1=15C the initial water temperature m2=0.5kg the mass of added ice t2=5C the temperature of added ice Lets solve it out process by process Heat required by ice to change its temperature from -5 to 0 degree Celsius = 0.5 2040 (-5 - 0) = 5100 J Heat required by ice to change its phase = = 0.5 335000 = 167500 J Heat rejected by water to attain temperature of 0 degree Celsius = 2 4186 (15 - 0) = 125580 J Upon further calculation we found out that the final mixture of ice and water will contain 2345 g of water and 155 g of ice. 5 Explain the main properties of Superheated steam and give the reasons why it is used in a marine steam plant where Turbines are used The steam which is at higher temperature than that of its boiling point such that it can be cooled by some amount and will not affect the state of it is called as superheated steam. That is, it will not be converted to a mixture of liquid and saturated vapor even if the temperature is lowered by some value. Superheated steam incorporates with tremendous internal energy which is used for the rotary motion through expansion of it against the reciprocating pistons and turbine blades. The most important property of superheated steam is the ability to release internal energy without decreasing the temperature to the condensation temperature of water vapor. There are various reasons because of which superheated steam is only used in the marine steam plant and are as follows: If we use water vapor, which generally contains some droplets of liquids it will be difficult to compress the water vapor as the liquid droplets are incompressible at those pressure at which the turbine operates. Superheated steam doesnt changes its state even after releasing its internal energy, whereas if the steam is not superheated, then after releasing its energy it will take form of liquid droplets which will incorporate with steam and strike the mechanical components of the turbine. This may force the mechanical components to fracture, crack or bend. Using superheated steam ensures that throughout the passage from the turbine to all its mechanical components of the engine, it remains as a compressible gas and will not damage any parts of the engine. 6 Describe how the thrust from the propeller is transmitted through the shafting and associated equipment, to the hull of the ship The transmission of thrust from the propeller to the other equipment is governed by the thrust block, propeller shaft and the stern tube. In other words, the transmission of energy and the control of torque from the thrust block to the stern tube are controlled by these components only. The thrust block present just aft of the main engine and its purpose is to transmit the energy to the structure of the ship which is produced by the rotating propeller. The thrust block contains metals pads which are wedge shaped with oil groves into them. This prevents them from wearing because of the rotation of the drive shaft. There is an oil reservoir at the bottom through which the sea water is circulated. Next, the power is transmitted to the propeller shaft which is connected to the main engine flywheel through the thrust block, which is further passed along the tunnel of the shaft. The stern tube is at the end of the transmission system, it seals the propeller shaft to the aft hull. 7 Explain how sulphur dioxide comes to be a common chemical found in the composition of the exhaust gases of ocean going ships There are various exhaust gases which are emitted from the exhaust of the ship engines. However, the Sulphur dioxide is one of the common chemical compounds which are found. There are several reason because of which this happens but the most important one is the leftovers. The presence of leftover in the engine means that the combustion is not complete. Generally, the fuels used in the ships engines are gasoline which contains greater amount of Sulphur when compared with other fuels which are used. This helps in creating Sulphur dioxide at the time of combustion of fuel. In most of the cases, this Sulphur dioxide is oxidized by the catalyst and SO3 is formed which further react with water and forms Sulphuric acid, whereas in some of the case hydrogen sulphide gas may also be formed. This process given a smell of rotten egg and a black thick smoke is generated. This is the reason why we see black smoke coming out of the exhaust of the ships engine. This is one of the major concerns of the water transporters as well as the living being on this planet. It is very necessary to keep a close eye on the total emission of Sulphur dioxide. The US government has already passed the regulatory according to which the % of Sulphur dioxide shouldnt be greater than 3.6% of the total emission. This can also be controlled by desulfurization of the flue gas, which are being used in almost all the factories and plants across the globe. During this process, the flue gases are allowed to pass through a close chamber where calcium hydroxide is sprayed. The SO2 react with i t and form calcium hydroxide, calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite. 8 Explain the term hydrodynamic lubrication and give the reasons why it can fail. The term hydrodynamic lubrication is given when there is no direct contact between shaft and the bearing material. A wedge or layer of oil supports the shaft rotating within the bearing. The principle used in hydrodynamic lubrication system and because of which the film supports such high load is similar to the aquaplaning of the car on the wet road surface. The tyre of the car slides over the water accumulated between the road and the tyre. This happens because the water accumulates faster than the time required by the weight of the car to remove that water from between and the car floats on the water surface. The same principle goes with the hydrodynamic lubrication system. A wedge is created between the two surfaces because of the relative motion between them. This wedge shaped zone creates high pressure film between the surfaces. Consider the fig, when the journal is at rest, there is a direct contact between the bearing because of load W. When the journal starts moving, it will climb the bearing surfaces and after certain speed the lubricant is pulled a wedge shaped and pushes the journal to the other side. Hence, it is necessary that continuous and sufficient lubrication is provided to the system irrespective of whether supplied under pressure or not. There are various reasons because of which the failure of hydrodynamic lubrication can fail and they are as follows: The weight of the journal is much higher such that it doesnt allow the lubrication to form a wedge like structure. If the speed of the shaft is too slow, then this will not allow the lubricant to form a film between the two surfaces of the contacting material. Hydrodynamic lubrication can only take place if continuous and sufficient lubricant is provided to the system. 9 Complete a line drawing showing the 5 main components, and associated pipework, found in a Basic refrigeration system. In 300 words explain the operation of the system The five main components of the basic refrigeration cycle are as follows: Evaporator Condenser Heat Exchanger Compressor Expansion Valve Working Principle: Consider the beginning of the cycle at the evaporator. Low pressure liquid is fed into the evaporator which absorbs heat, expands and converts into low pressure gas at the exit point of evaporator. This low pressure gas is fed into the compressor from where it is then further pumped to condenser after increasing the pressure of the gas. In some of the refrigeration cycle, accumulator is also used in addition which doesnt allow any liquid droplet to pass to the compressor. It is advised to have accumulator in almost all the system subjected to load variations. Then this gas is transferred to the condenser where it is condensed (heat is removed from the gas) and becomes a high pressure liquid. Between the suction line and the liquid line the heat exchanger is placed which also is an optional one, it may or may not be present depending on the system design. After the condenser, this high pressure liquid gas is passed through the expansion value which controls the flow of the refrigerant into the evaporator. It majorly depends on the evaporator load, higher the evaporator load higher is the flow of refrigerant to the evaporator. As this high pressure liquid enters the evaporator, it is subjected to lower pressure because of the suction of the compressor. This forces the refrigerant to evaporate and for which it takes the heat from the air passing over the evaporator. And, this help in achieving the desired temperature and this cycle continues as long as desired temperature is maintained. Thermostat is also used in the refrigeration system so that it can break the electrical circuit of the compressor motor and stops it as soon as the desired temperature is achieved and starts it as the temperature increases a little bit. 10 Using a combination of drawings, compare the action of a ships propeller/rudder combination with that of a podded drive system, when a ship is turning to Port. Name all the main parts required and explain their function. Rudder which is placed on the aft of the ship is not sufficient enough to turn the ship on its own. It can be understood from the size of the rudder to that rudder being such a small part in the ship will not be able to turn the ship which is infinity times bigger than it. Consider a helmsman turning the ship towards the starboard. It gives some angle to the rudder. Because of this a rudder is force is generated which is directed towards the transverse direction of the ship. This will cause to attain a sway velocity towards the port side. However, this sway is so negligible in comparison to the turning of the ship that it is hardly felt. This only helps in creating a drift angle towards the starboard. Now, lets consider the rudder at the bow side. Now, if rudder is turned toward the starboard, the rudder force will still be in the direction of the port. This rudder direction towards the port and the net hydrodynamic moment would cause the ship to turn towards the port. The podded drive system is still finding its way into the marine industry. The mermaid system from kamewa and Azipod system from Finland have both made up to the cruise industry recently and holding on to the market. It has been known since hundreds of year that narrow channels and confined water are always a challenge to the captain in maneuvering the ship. However, the existence of Podded drive system has somehow decreased the traumatic condition of the captains. In rudder propulsion system, a complete set of propeller and controlled pitch propeller is used to maneuver a ship, whereas in this system its just a mechanism which will maneuver the ship with less effort. This newly designed mechanism doesnt only work efficiently, in addition in conserves energy and money to a greater extent.

Labor in America has been regulated since the earl Essays - Business

Labor in America has been regulated since the early 20th century, so it is often times difficult for us as Americans to understand why people are willingly to work such harsh jobs. For example Foxconn, you hear about their workers committing suicide because of the terrible working conditions, exceedingly long work hours, and almost prison like living conditions. The question can't help but come to mind, how do they continue to hire new employees? Surprisingly finding people who want to work at Foxconn, and other labor factories like it is anything but difficult. Unfortunately many Chinese workers are desperate for jobs at Foxconn, but why? Chinese people hear about the terrible conditions at Foxconn just like we have, except in more detail and often times from first hand witnesses. They have read about the suicides just like us, but for many Chinese workers Foxconn is a better option then the alternative especially for women. These jobs are viewed similarly as a job like McDonalds or a at retail store in your local mall. These are starter jobs not careers, and some of the best available at that. For example here's an expert from a letter written by a young Chinese man who now goes to school at a university in America. "My aunt worked several years in what Americans call "sweat shops." It was hard work. Long hours, "small" wage, "poor" working conditions. Do you know what my aunt did before she worked in one of these factories? She was a prostitute. Circumstances of birth are unfortunately random, and she was born in a very rural region. Most jobs were agricultural and family owned, and most of the jobs were held by men. Women and young girls, because of lack of educational and economic opportunities, had to find other "employment." (buisinessinsider.com) He later points out in his letter that Americans don't truly understand how few options there are for honest work in china. If your options where, prostitution, farming just to survive and still living in poverty, or working in a quote on quote "sweat shop" which would you choose? For many Chinese workers these are the options that they have to choose from, some less then these. Right now apple is at the top of the market and because of this, although not good they are able to provide some of the best and highest paying jobs for the uneducated Chinese worker. And many Chinese laborers feel as if these jobs are misunderstood by over privileged Americans.

Memo to Bradley Stonefield Essays

Memo to Bradley Stonefield Essays Memo to Bradley Stonefield Essay Memo to Bradley Stonefield Essay Atwood and Allen Consulting , if an employee’s pay is usually $10.00 per hour, overtime pay would be at the rate of $15.00 per overtime hour. The same exceptions count as in the minimum wage law to also include commissioned sales people. 3. The third law is time off which has to do with the Family and Medical Leave Act. This is a federal law that requires employers to give covered employees up to 12 weeks of unpaid leave for qualifying

Ethical Leadership Essay Sample

Ethical Leadership Essay Sample Ethical Leadership Essay Stories of corrupt and incompetent leaders are increasingly becoming rampant and an obvious tale. Some leaders involve themselves in the most bizarre ethical breaches which tend to shutter an organization’s reputation. These leaders are becoming a true testament of the old adage, â€Å"power corrupts and absolute power corrupts absolutely.† Human beings naturally crave control and while most of us are not gifted in leading, everyone tends to think they have what it takes to lead. However, what most fail to realize is that being a leader is not the same as being or gaining a promotion. A leader is defined by the influence one holds over his colleagues, and at times his superiors. Power attracts many and often ends up destroying lives, careers, entire organizations, and even countries. However, one can choose to rise above the greed that is often exhibited as people are struggling for power and integrate ethics with their leadership. Being an ethical leader is not an easy task and often involves a conscious decision to shun backdoors and other shortcuts that are embraced by many. One has to be different and embrace the common principles of trust, respect, fairness, integrity etc. These principles form the foundation of ethical leadership but as stated earlier it takes time to synthesize these into effective actions. This essay will, therefore, focus on how one can synthesize the above values and be regarded as an ethical leader. First of all, one has to strive to set and be an example to his subordinates. It is often said that actions speak louder than words and this statement applies more to leaders than anyone else. Human beings are judgmental but they tend to judge someone based on what they do and not what they say. As a leader, one should be aware that their actions speak more than their words. This means that in order to create an honest culture, one must first be honest. A leader must practice and demonstrate what they feel is best for the organization. If one conducts themselves unselfishly, is honest, respectful and leads in fairness, employees will as well be moved to live up to the standards that are set. By acting ethically, one would have changed an organization’s culture and their leadership would qualify to be regarded as ethical. Secondly, ethical leadership entails a lot of communication with one’s subordinates as well as other colleagues. An ethical leader will always try to create an environment that makes communication, whether horizontal or vertical or diagonal, possible. Employees will always feel respected if their voice is heard and their opinions are taken seriously. No one should be punished for speaking their voice or airing their grievances. Ethical leadership embraces open communication where employees feel free to air their views. Building a relationship with one’s subordinates is key to the success of an organization. However, it is essential to understand that successful relationships are built on trust, openness, fairness, integrity, respect, and compassion. Without the above values involved, employer-employee relationships would be hard and employees will not be at ease to communicate their thoughts regardless of how bad the situation might be. In conclusion, ethical leadership involves caring, respecting, and treating one’s employees or subjects fairly. It does not chest-thumping or the use of force. The truth is, ethical leadership achieves greater success than an authoritative leadership. Ethical leaders will always get the best out of a team but as already stated, it takes time and patience to become one.

Corpora are of Little Practical Value to Most ELT Practitioners Essay

Corpora are of Little Practical Value to Most ELT Practitioners - Essay Example Identifying the importance of language as an important means of communication and other language-related activities, language researchers and teachers use corpora as viable means of conducting practical classroom-centered research and meeting specific language teaching needs. Though the use of corpora in English language teaching has made a significant progress in recent times, it is assumed that corpora are of little practical importance to most ELT practitioners (Ghadessy, et al, 2001, p.208). Thus the present study is aimed to analyze the aforementioned statement with reference to corpus-based pedagogical activities. Languages evolve and develop over a period of time and they are used differently by various speakers. According to McDonough and Shaw (2003, p.4), the overall goal of the language teaching programme is mainly derived from an analysis of the reasons why a group of learners in a particular environment needs to learn English which can be stated in general, educational or specific norms. The curriculum for English Language Teaching may differ from country to country and in such circumstances, the ELT practitioner needs to develop a framework based on the language teaching, for a country, an age group, whole school, a class or an individual. It is further stated that teachers are affected directly and indirectly by various factors upon which the curriculum is prepared like the role of English in the country, school, materials, time, etc. which makes it clear that singular approach to English language teaching is not suitable in all conditions. According to Richards and Rodgers (2001, p.71 ), the quest for an alternative to grammar-based approach led to several other methods like communicative approaches as it didn’t focus on grammar as the core component of language instead focused on communication and making the classroom environment for authentic communication.

Strategies in Action Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Strategies in Action - Coursework Example One of the key considerations, when looking at global strategies is the state of the global economy. There has been much debate as to whether globalisation consists of one single global market. It is necessary to think whether a uniform global strategy is one, which is 100% uniform and standardised, or just its key elements. It must acknowledge that companies that operate in overseas markets do so in order to expand their businesses and reach as well as stave off competition. "Even businesses whose focus has traditionally been on domestic markets are finding they must compete across borders not just to prosper but also to survive". (Kanso and Nelson, 2002, p.87) Regarding terminology, it is important to acknowledge that different academics may use the same terminology for different types of companies; confusion can arise with different companies & markets, which interpret slightly differently depending on the author. An organisation's global strategy(s) is dependent upon where the competitive advantage(s) for the product(s) or service(s) lies. This links win with Thompson, Strickland and Gamble (2007, p227) belief that there are four strategic issues relevant to competing across national boundaries. Issues are, whether to customise a company is offering in each different country to the taste of products. Implement the basic competitor strategy in all countries or fit them to specific markets and conditions depending on competition circumstances. Locate company's production facility(s), distribution, and customer service operation in order to gain greatest location advantages, and lastly share company's resource, capabilities in different country, to ensure competitive advantage. These are the factors to consider developing a global strategy. When considering uniform versus localised strategy is the transferability of a product's/service's/company's competitive advantage(s), means identifying the factors behind the competitive advantage. This can be location specific such as low cost labour, the quality of infrastructure, or technological, or brand name or a company's internal resources and capabilities. Empirical evidence suggests that it is usually easy to recreate technological, brand name and most other organisational capability advantages in a new international location, given enough time. Uniform strategy, standardisation, and national adaptation In adapting a uniform global strategy, there are many associated cost savings and potential benefits. One of the key concepts of a uniform strategy is standardisation and the ability to standardise not only products but also to transfer other competitive advantages. Theodore Levitt was a renowned famous supporter of standardisation and one uniform global market. Standardisation can be an easy and quick success as products/services stay the same. Many argue that it is important to have some sort of standardisation of a product when entering a new international market in order to have an existing competitive advantage, but there is much debate whether this applies in all, some, or few circumstances. Theodore Levitt believed that organisations that operate and compete on only a national basis are vulnerable to attack from companies that treat the world as a single global market. His main argument surrounds scales of economies and companies producing standardised products (at a